The inclusion criteria were original articles available in full, without financial costs, published between 20, which addressed the hopelessness in the elderly in Portuguese and English languages. The keywords used were "Elderly" AND "Beck scale" AND "Hopelessness". This systematic literature review was carried out through the analysis of scientific literature by five researchers about the hopelessness in elderly through the PubMed, LILACs, MEDLINE and SciELO databases during the first semester of 2017. Thus, the objective of this study is to undertake a systematic review of the literature on the hopelessness in the elderly people to analyze their prevalence and to demonstrate the problems that may be associated with this feeling in this population. 6 The growing increase of the elderly population in Brazil and in the world, as well as the augmented prevalence of mental disorders in the 21st century presents as new dilemmas under the health and quality of life scope. It can be conceptualized as a temporary state of humor, reflecting a person's response to challenging circumstances or a more lasting trait, reflecting a habitual look of the individual in various aspects of life. Hopelessness has been reported as the origin of mental disorders, especially depression and suicidal ideation. 3 Hopelessness is the subjective assessment of negative expectations on the occurrence of highly valued outcomes, along with the sensation that lacks control over the desired events in the future.
5 Often, the elderly ceases to do what they cannot accomplish successfully, because they consider that they will fail again. It can be said that it is related to the feeling of failure, which occurs more frequently in old age than in youth. One of the frequent negative emotions in the elderly is hopelessness. 4 These elderly people who take aging in a negative way, moving away from daily activities and social relationships, are more likely to experience negative emotions.
BECK HOPELESSNESS SCALE FREE DOWNLOAD PROFESSIONAL
For some old individuals, these changes are characterized by a so called "shutdown", a phase in which some individuals tend to disconnect from their obligations and social and professional roles. 3 In the face of this new phase of life, physiological, pathological and psychological modifications arise. Thus, aging is a universal biological process by which the human being is necessarily driven to. Researchers have noted that aging is a natural event that comprises the normal and integral development of any individual, being the final product of a dynamic process in which the person changes continuously. Faced with this perspective, the factors involved in aging imply a multitude of biological, social and emotional factors that glimpse the person in their individuality. In the conception of the psychology of aging, the elderly present gains and losses, in a complex and dynamic interaction system. Currently, the elderly are studied in a holistic way, adding concepts from other areas of knowledge. 1 At the beginning of the 20th century, the elderly population care was restricted to geriatrics.
DOI: 10.15406/mojgg.202Īging is a complex process of various physical and psychological changes, occurring progressive losses that generate less adaptation to the environment.
Hopelessness in the elderly: a systematic review. Please type the correct Captcha word to see email ID.Īlina Lais Almeida de Farias Fernandes, 2 Antonio Gabriel Araujo Pimentel de Medeiros, 3 Carlos Augusto Carvalho de Vasconcelos, 4 Lucyeli Luna Lopes de Amorim, 2 Mariana Ferreira Silveira de Queiroga, 2 Marianne Rodrigues Correia da Cruz, 2 Modesto Leite Rolim Neto, 5 Rebeca Cristine Torres de Araujo 2ġDoctor of Neuropsychiatry, University of Pernambuco, BrazilĢGraduating student at Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Pernambuco, BrazilģPsychologist, University of Pernambuco, BrazilĤPost-Graduate Program in Collective Health at the Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Federal University of Pernambuco, BrazilĥProfessor Livre Docente of the Postdoctoral Program in Health Sciences, BrazilĬorrespondence: José Antônio Spencer Hartmann Júnior, Pró-Reitoria de Desenvolvimento de Pessoas da Universidade de Pernambuco, Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, Brazil, Tel (81)3183-3674Ĭitation: Júnior JASH, Fernandes ALAF, Medeiros AGAP, et al. Regret for the inconvenience: we are taking measures to prevent fraudulent form submissions by extractors and page crawlers.
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